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工具:
Visual Studio 2015 update 3
Asp.Net Core 1.0
1 准备工作
申请微信公众平台接口测试帐号,申请网址:(mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login)。申请接口测试号无需公众帐号,可以直接体验和测试公众平台所有高级接口。
1.1 配置接口信息
1.2 修改网页授权信息
点击“修改”后在弹出页面填入你的网站域名:
2 新建网站项目
2.1 选择ASP.NET Core Web Application 模板
2.2 选择Web 应用程序,并更改身份验证为个人用户账户
3 集成微信登录功能
3.1添加引用
打开project.json文件,添加引用Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.OAuth
3.2 添加代码文件
在项目中新建文件夹,命名为WeChatOAuth,并添加代码文件(本文最后附全部代码)。
3.3 注册微信登录中间件
打开Startup.cs文件,在Configure中添加代码:
app.UseWeChatAuthentication(new WeChatOptions() { AppId = "******", AppSecret = "******" });
注意该代码的插入位置必须在app.UseIdentity()下方。
4 代码
WeChatAppBuilderExtensions.cs:
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information. using System; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.WeChat; using Microsoft.Extensions.Options; namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder { ////// Extension methods to add WeChat authentication capabilities to an HTTP application pipeline. /// public static class WeChatAppBuilderExtensions { ////// Adds the /// Themiddleware to the specified , which enables WeChat authentication capabilities. /// to add the middleware to. /// A reference to this instance after the operation has completed. public static IApplicationBuilder UseWeChatAuthentication(this IApplicationBuilder app) { if (app == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(app)); } return app.UseMiddleware(); } /// /// Adds the /// Themiddleware to the specified , which enables WeChat authentication capabilities. /// to add the middleware to. /// A that specifies options for the middleware. /// A reference to this instance after the operation has completed. public static IApplicationBuilder UseWeChatAuthentication(this IApplicationBuilder app, WeChatOptions options) { if (app == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(app)); } if (options == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options)); } return app.UseMiddleware(Options.Create(options)); } } }
WeChatDefaults.cs:
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information. namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.WeChat { public static class WeChatDefaults { public const string AuthenticationScheme = "WeChat"; public static readonly string AuthorizationEndpoint = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth3/authorize"; public static readonly string TokenEndpoint = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth3/access_token"; public static readonly string UserInformationEndpoint = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo"; } }
WeChatHandler.cs
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information. using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.OAuth; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Authentication; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions; using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives; using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net.Http; using System.Net.Http.Headers; using System.Security.Claims; using System.Text; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.WeChat { internal class WeChatHandler : OAuthHandler{ public WeChatHandler(HttpClient httpClient) : base(httpClient) { } protected override async Task HandleRemoteAuthenticateAsync() { AuthenticationProperties properties = null; var query = Request.Query; var error = query["error"]; if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(error)) { var failureMessage = new StringBuilder(); failureMessage.Append(error); var errorDescription = query["error_description"]; if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(errorDescription)) { failureMessage.Append(";Description=").Append(errorDescription); } var errorUri = query["error_uri"]; if (!StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(errorUri)) { failureMessage.Append(";Uri=").Append(errorUri); } return AuthenticateResult.Fail(failureMessage.ToString()); } var code = query["code"]; var state = query["state"]; var oauthState = query["oauthstate"]; properties = Options.StateDataFormat.Unprotect(oauthState); if (state != Options.StateAddition || properties == null) { return AuthenticateResult.Fail("The oauth state was missing or invalid."); } // OAuth3 10.12 CSRF if (!ValidateCorrelationId(properties)) { return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Correlation failed."); } if (StringValues.IsNullOrEmpty(code)) { return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Code was not found."); } //获取tokens var tokens = await ExchangeCodeAsync(code, BuildRedirectUri(Options.CallbackPath)); var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(Options.ClaimsIssuer); AuthenticationTicket ticket = null; if (Options.WeChatScope == Options.InfoScope) { //获取用户信息 ticket = await CreateTicketAsync(identity, properties, tokens); } else { //不获取信息,只使用openid identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, tokens.TokenType, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(new ClaimsPrincipal(identity), properties, Options.AuthenticationScheme); } if (ticket != null) { return AuthenticateResult.Success(ticket); } else { return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Failed to retrieve user information from remote server."); } } /// /// OAuth第一步,获取code /// /// /// ///protected override string BuildChallengeUrl(AuthenticationProperties properties, string redirectUri) { //加密OAuth状态 var oauthstate = Options.StateDataFormat.Protect(properties); // redirectUri = $"{redirectUri}?{nameof(oauthstate)}={oauthstate}"; var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder() { { "appid", Options.ClientId }, { "redirect_uri", redirectUri }, { "response_type", "code" }, { "scope", Options.WeChatScope }, { "state", Options.StateAddition }, }; return Options.AuthorizationEndpoint + queryBuilder.ToString(); } /// /// OAuth第二步,获取token /// /// /// ///protected override async Task ExchangeCodeAsync(string code, string redirectUri) { var tokenRequestParameters = new Dictionary () { { "appid", Options.ClientId }, { "secret", Options.ClientSecret }, { "code", code }, { "grant_type", "authorization_code" }, }; var requestContent = new FormUrlEncodedContent(tokenRequestParameters); var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, Options.TokenEndpoint); requestMessage.Headers.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json")); requestMessage.Content = requestContent; var response = await Backchannel.SendAsync(requestMessage, Context.RequestAborted); if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode) { var payload = JObject.Parse(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); string ErrCode = payload.Value ("errcode"); string ErrMsg = payload.Value ("errmsg"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrCode) | !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrMsg)) { return OAuthTokenResponse.Failed(new Exception($"ErrCode:{ErrCode},ErrMsg:{ErrMsg}")); } var tokens = OAuthTokenResponse.Success(payload); //借用TokenType属性保存openid tokens.TokenType = payload.Value ("openid"); return tokens; } else { var error = "OAuth token endpoint failure"; return OAuthTokenResponse.Failed(new Exception(error)); } } /// /// OAuth第四步,获取用户信息 /// /// /// /// ///protected override async Task CreateTicketAsync(ClaimsIdentity identity, AuthenticationProperties properties, OAuthTokenResponse tokens) { var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder() { { "access_token", tokens.AccessToken }, { "openid", tokens.TokenType },//在第二步中,openid被存入TokenType属性 { "lang", "zh_CN" } }; var infoRequest = Options.UserInformationEndpoint + queryBuilder.ToString(); var response = await Backchannel.GetAsync(infoRequest, Context.RequestAborted); if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw new HttpRequestException($"Failed to retrieve WeChat user information ({response.StatusCode}) Please check if the authentication information is correct and the corresponding WeChat Graph API is enabled."); } var user = JObject.Parse(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(new ClaimsPrincipal(identity), properties, Options.AuthenticationScheme); var context = new OAuthCreatingTicketContext(ticket, Context, Options, Backchannel, tokens, user); var identifier = user.Value ("openid"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(identifier)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, identifier, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var nickname = user.Value ("nickname"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(nickname)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, nickname, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var sex = user.Value ("sex"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sex)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:WeChat:sex", sex, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var country = user.Value ("country"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(country)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Country, country, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var province = user.Value ("province"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(province)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.StateOrProvince, province, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var city = user.Value ("city"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(city)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:WeChat:city", city, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var headimgurl = user.Value ("headimgurl"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(headimgurl)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:WeChat:headimgurl", headimgurl, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } var unionid = user.Value ("unionid"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(unionid)) { identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:WeChat:unionid", unionid, ClaimValueTypes.String, Options.ClaimsIssuer)); } await Options.Events.CreatingTicket(context); return context.Ticket; } } }
WeChatMiddleware.cs
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information. using System; using System.Globalization; using System.Text.Encodings.Web; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.OAuth; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.DataProtection; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; using Microsoft.Extensions.Options; namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.WeChat { ////// An ASP.NET Core middleware for authenticating users using WeChat. /// public class WeChatMiddleware : OAuthMiddleware{ /// /// Initializes a new /// The next middleware in the HTTP pipeline to invoke. /// /// /// /// /// Configuration options for the middleware. public WeChatMiddleware( RequestDelegate next, IDataProtectionProvider dataProtectionProvider, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, UrlEncoder encoder, IOptions. /// sharedOptions, IOptions options) : base(next, dataProtectionProvider, loggerFactory, encoder, sharedOptions, options) { if (next == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(next)); } if (dataProtectionProvider == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(dataProtectionProvider)); } if (loggerFactory == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(loggerFactory)); } if (encoder == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(encoder)); } if (sharedOptions == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sharedOptions)); } if (options == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(options)); } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Options.AppId)) { throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, nameof(Options.AppId))); } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Options.AppSecret)) { throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, nameof(Options.AppSecret))); } } /// /// Provides the ///object for processing authentication-related requests. /// An protected override AuthenticationHandlerconfigured with the supplied to the constructor. CreateHandler() { return new WeChatHandler(Backchannel); } } }
WeChatOptions.cs
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information. using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.WeChat; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity; namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder { ////// Configuration options for public class WeChatOptions : OAuthOptions { ///. /// /// Initializes a new public WeChatOptions() { AuthenticationScheme = WeChatDefaults.AuthenticationScheme; DisplayName = AuthenticationScheme; CallbackPath = new PathString("/signin-wechat"); StateAddition = "#wechat_redirect"; AuthorizationEndpoint = WeChatDefaults.AuthorizationEndpoint; TokenEndpoint = WeChatDefaults.TokenEndpoint; UserInformationEndpoint = WeChatDefaults.UserInformationEndpoint; //SaveTokens = true; //BaseScope (不弹出授权页面,直接跳转,只能获取用户openid), //InfoScope (弹出授权页面,可通过openid拿到昵称、性别、所在地。并且,即使在未关注的情况下,只要用户授权,也能获取其信息) WeChatScope = InfoScope; } // WeChat uses a non-standard term for this field. ///. /// /// Gets or sets the WeChat-assigned appId. /// public string AppId { get { return ClientId; } set { ClientId = value; } } // WeChat uses a non-standard term for this field. ////// Gets or sets the WeChat-assigned app secret. /// public string AppSecret { get { return ClientSecret; } set { ClientSecret = value; } } public string StateAddition { get; set; } public string WeChatScope { get; set; } public string BaseScope = "snsapi_base"; public string InfoScope = "snsapi_userinfo"; } }
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