【PostgreSQL】数据库部署
[root@wallet01 ~]# wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/9.6/redhat/rhel-6-x86_64/pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate [root@wallet01 ~]# rpm -ivh pgdg-centos96-9.6-3.noarch.rpm [root@wallet01 ~]# useradd postgres [root@wallet01 ~]# id postgres uid=501(postgres) gid=501(postgres) groups=501(postgres) [root@wallet01 ~]# rpm -e postgresql postgresql-devel [root@wallet01 ~]# yum install -y postgresql96-server.x86_64 postgresql96-contrib.x86_64 [root@wallet01 ~]# service postgresql-9.6 initdb Initializing database: [ OK ] [root@wallet01 ~]# vi /var/lib/pgsql/9.6/data/postgresql.conf listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0' port = 5432 [root@wallet01 ~]# service postgresql-9.6 start Starting postgresql-9.6 service: [ OK ] [root@wallet01 ~]# service postgresql-9.6 status postgresql-9.6 (pid 2146) is running... [root@wallet01 ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep postmaster tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2414/postmaster [root@wallet01 ~]# vi /etc/profile PATH=$PATH:/usr/pgsql-9.6/bin [root@wallet01 ~]# su - postgres [postgres@wallet01 ~]$ psql psql (9.6.12) Type "help" for help. postgres=# \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------------------- postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres (3 rows)
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参数解析 listen_address:服务器监听客户端连接的TPC/IP地址 port:服务器监听的TPC端口 max_connections:允许和数据库连接的最大并发连接数 superuser_reserved_connections:为超级用户连接而保留的连接数 tcp_keepalives_idle:在一个TCP连接中空闲多长时间后会发送一个keepalive报文(建议值180) tcp_keepalives_interval:在一个空闲TCP连接中,在发送第一个keepalive报文后如果在该参数指定的时间间隔内没有收到对 端的响应报文,则开始发送第二个keepalive报文(建议值10) tcp_keepalives_count:在一个空闲TCP连接中,在发送keepalive报文后,如果一直没有收到对端的响应报文,最多发送该参数 指定次数报文后,认为TCP连接已中断(建议值3) shared_buffers:数据库实例可使用的共享内存区域 temp_buffers:每个数据库会话使用的临时内存区,只用于访问临时表,在服务进程中分配的,属于本地内存 work_mem:排序与散列操作在使用临时磁盘文件之前可使用的内存区域,属于本地内存 maintenance_work_mem:在维护性操作中可使用的内存区域 wal_level:决定有多少信息可写入WAL日志中 fsync:决定是否使用fsync系统调用,将文件系统中的脏页写到物理磁盘 synchronous_commit:提交一个事务是否需要等待将WAL日志写入磁盘后在返回 wal_sync_method:指定向磁盘写WAL日志的方法 full_page_writes:数据库实例会在检查点之后对页面第一次修改时将整个页面写入WAL日志 wal_buffers:WAL日志使用的内存区域,属于数据库实例共享内存 log_destination:stderr,csvlog,syslog log_directory:日志输出的路径 log_filename:日志文件名 log_rotation_age:日志超过多长时间,就生成一个新的文件 log_rotation_size:日志超过多大,就生成一个新的文件 log_truncate_on_rotation:当生成的新文件的文件名已存在,是否覆盖同名旧文件
[postgres@king01 ~]$ psql -h 192.168.1.201 -p 5432 tpcc tpcc Password for user tpcc: psql (9.6.12) Type "help" for help. tpcc=> \l List of databases Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------------------- postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres tpcc | tpcc | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | (4 rows) tpcc=> \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+------------+-------+------- public | customer | table | tpcc public | district | table | tpcc public | history | table | tpcc public | item | table | tpcc public | new_order | table | tpcc public | order_line | table | tpcc public | orders | table | tpcc public | stock | table | tpcc public | warehouse | table | tpcc (9 rows) tpcc=> \di List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Table --------+---------------+-------+-------+------------ public | customer_i1 | index | tpcc | customer public | customer_i2 | index | tpcc | customer public | district_i1 | index | tpcc | district public | item_i1 | index | tpcc | item public | new_order_i1 | index | tpcc | new_order public | order_line_i1 | index | tpcc | order_line public | orders_i1 | index | tpcc | orders public | orders_i2 | index | tpcc | orders public | stock_i1 | index | tpcc | stock public | warehouse_i1 | index | tpcc | warehouse (10 rows) tpcc=> \df List of functions Schema | Name | Result data type | Argument data types | Type --------+-------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------+-------- public | dbms_random | integer | integer, integer | normal public | delivery | integer | integer, integer | normal public | neword | numeric | integer, integer, integer, integer, integer, integer | normal public | ostat | SETOF record | integer, integer, integer, integer, character varying | normal public | payment | integer | integer, integer, integer, integer, numeric, integer, numeric, character varying, character varying, nu meric | normal public | slev | integer | integer, integer, integer | normal (6 rows) tpcc=> \dn List of schemas Name | Owner --------+---------- public | postgres (1 row) tpcc=> \db List of tablespaces Name | Owner | Location ------------+----------+---------- pg_default | postgres | pg_global | postgres | (2 rows) tpcc=> \du List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of -----------+------------------------------------------------------------+----------- postgres | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {tpcc} tpcc | | {} tpcc=> \dp Access privileges Schema | Name | Type | Access privileges | Column privileges | Policies --------+------------+-------+-------------------+-------------------+---------- public | customer | table | | | public | district | table | | | public | history | table | | | public | item | table | | | public | new_order | table | | | public | order_line | table | | | public | orders | table | | | public | stock | table | | | public | warehouse | table | | | (9 rows) tpcc=> \pset border 2 Border style is 2. tpcc=> \timing on Timing is on. tpcc=> select * from warehouse where w_zip = '763011111'; +------+------------+--------+-----------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ | w_id | w_ytd | w_tax | w_name | w_street_1 | w_street_2 | w_city | w_state | w_zip | +------+------------+--------+-----------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ | 1 | 3000000.00 | 0.1100 | IONcZx68P | ejAv76uu9u1W0Vso | hTm1kjwNGHt20A | fRpzxLGAhOMU7UY | 9P | 763011111 | +------+------------+--------+-----------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ (1 row) Time: 3.507 ms tpcc=> \x Expanded display is on. tpcc=> select * from warehouse where w_zip = '763011111'; +-[ RECORD 1 ]------------------+ | w_id | 1 | | w_ytd | 3000000.00 | | w_tax | 0.1100 | | w_name | IONcZx68P | | w_street_1 | ejAv76uu9u1W0Vso | | w_street_2 | hTm1kjwNGHt20A | | w_city | fRpzxLGAhOMU7UY | | w_state | 9P | | w_zip | 763011111 | +------------+------------------+ Time: 0.732 ms \i 执行外部文件中的SQL命令 \set AUTOCOMMIT off 关闭自动提交 \set ECHO_HIDDEN on 显示某一个命令实际执行的SQL
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