c语言:编写本章中的6个字符串处理函数
char *strcpy(char *strDes, const char *strSrc)
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{
assert((strDes != NULL) (strSrc != NULL));
char *address = strDes;
while ((*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++) != '\0')
NULL;
return address;
}
char *strchr_(char *str, int c)
{
assert(str != NULL);
while ((*str != (char) c) (*str != '\0'))
str ++;
if (*str != '\0')
return str;
return NULL;
}
char *strchr(const char *str, int c)
{
assert(str != NULL);
for (; *str != (char) c; ++ str)
if (*str == '\0'氏配胡)
return NULL;
return (char *) str;
}
int strcmp(const char *s, const char *t)
{
assert(s != NULL t != NULL);
while (*s *t *s == *t)
{
++ s;
++ t;
}
return (*s - *t);
}
char *strcat(char *strDes, const char *strSrc)
{
assert((strDes != NULL) (strSrc != NULL));
char *address = strDes;
while (*strDes != '\0')
++ strDes;
while ((*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++) != '\0')
NULL;
return address;
}
int strlen(const char *str)
{
assert(str != NULL);
int len = 0;
while (*str ++ != '\0')
++ len;
return len;
}
char *strdup(const char *strSrc)
{
assert(strSrc != NULL);
int len = 0;
while (*strSrc ++ != '\0')
++ len;
char *strDes = (char *) malloc (len + 1);
while ((*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++) != '\0')
NULL;
return strDes;
}
char *strstr(const char *strSrc, const char *str)
{
assert(strSrc != NULL str != NULL);
const char *s = strSrc;
const char *t = str;
for (; *t != '\卖毕0'; ++ strSrc)
{
for (s = strSrc, t = str; *t != '\歼拦0' *s == *t; ++s, ++t)
NULL;
if (*t == '\0')
return (char *) strSrc;
}
return NULL;
}
char *strncpy(char *strDes, const char *strSrc, int count)
{
assert(strDes != NULL strSrc != NULL);
char *address = strDes;
while (count -- *strSrc != '\0')
*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++;
return address;
}
char *strncat(char *strDes, const char *strSrc, int count)
{
assert((strDes != NULL) (strSrc != NULL));
char *address = strDes;
while (*strDes != '\0')
++ strDes;
while (count -- *strSrc != '\0' )
*strDes ++ = *strSrc ++;
*strDes = '\0';
return address;
}
int strncmp(const char *s, const char *t, int count)
{
assert((s != NULL) (t != NULL));
while (*s *t *s == *t count --)
{
++ s;
++ t;
}
return (*s - *t);
}
C语言字符串处理的库函数有哪些
函数名: strrchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字森告宴符的最后一个出现
用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
举例:
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char fullname="./lib/lib1.so";
char *ptr;
ptr = strrchr(fullname,'/');
printf("filename is %s",++ptr);
//运行结果:filename is lib1.so
函数名: strchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的第一个出现友慎
用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
举例:
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char fullname="./lib/lib1.so";
char *ptr;
ptr = strrchr(fullname,'.');
printf("after strchr() is %s",++ptr);
//运行结此银果:after strchr() is /lib/lib1.so
函数名: strtok
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的第一个出现
用 法: char *strtok(char *s, char *delim);
说明:
1.strtok函数的实质上的处理是,strtok在s中查找包含在delim中的字符并用NULL(’/0′)来替换,直到找遍整个字符串。这句话有两层含义:(1)每次调用strtok函数只能获得一个分割单位。(2)要获得所有的分割单元必须反复调用strtok函数。
2.strtok函数以后的调用时的需用NULL来替换s.
3.形参s(要分割的字符串)对应的变量应用char s[]=”….”形式,而不能用char *s=”….”形式。
举例:
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void main()
{
char buf[]=”Golden Global View”;
char* token = strtok( buf, ” “);
while( token != NULL )
{
printf( ”%s “, token );
token = strtok( NULL, ” “);
}
return 0;
}
/*其结果为:
Golden
Global
View
*/
函数名:strncpy
功能:把src所指由NULL结束的字符串的前n个字节复制到dest所指的数组中
用法:char *strncpy(char *dest, char *src, int n);
说明:
如果src的前n个字节不含NULL字符,则结果不会以NULL字符结束。
如果src的长度小于n个字节,则以NULL填充dest直到复制完n个字节。
src和dest所指内存区域不可以重叠且dest必须有足够的空间来容纳src的字符串。
返回指向dest的指针。
举例:
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#include syslib.h
#include string.h
main()
{
char buf[4];
char *s="abcdefg";
strncpy(buf,s,4);
printf("%s/n",buf);
return 0;
}
/*运行结果:
abcd
*/
函数名: stpcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
int main(void)
{
char string[10];
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
stpcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s/n", string);
return 0;
}
/*运行结果
abcdefghi
*/
函数名: strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char destination[25];
char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
strcpy(destination, Borland);
strcat(destination, blank);
strcat(destination, c);
printf("%s/n", destination);
return 0;
}
/*运行结果:
Borland C++
*/
函数名: strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
看Asic码,str1str2,返回值 0;两串相等,返回0
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
else if(ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is equal with buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
/*运行结果:
buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1
*/
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
#include alloc.h
int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "1234567890";
char *string2 = "747DC8";
int length;
length = strcspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d/n", length);
return 0;
}
函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法: char *strdup(char *str);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
#include alloc.h
int main(void)
{
char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
dup_str = strdup(string);
printf("%s/n", dup_str);
free(dup_str);
return 0;
}
函数名: stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
int ptr;
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法: char *strerror(int errnum);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include errno.h
int main(void)
{
char *buffer;
buffer = strerror(errno);
printf("Error: %s/n", buffer);
return 0;
}
函数名: strncmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3/n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3/n");
return(0);
}
函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, int len);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
int ptr;
ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr 0)
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1/n");
if (ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strnset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char letter = 'x';
printf("string before strnset: %s/n", string);
strnset(string, letter, 13);
printf("string after strnset: %s/n", string);
return 0;
}
函数名: strpbrk
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
int main(void)
{
char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
char *string2 = "onm";
char *ptr;
ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
if (ptr)
printf("strpbrk found first character: %c/n", *ptr);
else
printf("strpbrk didn't find character in set/n");
return 0;
}
函数名: strrev
功 能: 串倒转
用 法: char *strrev(char *str);
举例:
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#include string.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *forward = "string";
printf("Before strrev(): %s/n", forward);
strrev(forward);
printf("After strrev(): %s/n", forward);
return 0;
}
/*运行结果:
Before strrev(): string
After strrev(): gnirts
*/
函数名: strstr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用 法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
int main(void)
{
char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
printf("The substring is: %s/n", ptr);
return 0;
}
函数名: strtod
功 能: 将字符串转换为double型值
用 法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include stdlib.h
int main(void)
{
char input[80], *endptr;
double value;
printf("Enter a floating point number:");
gets(input);
value = strtod(input, endptr);
printf("The string is %s the number is %lf/n", input, value);
return 0;
}
函数名: strtol
功 能: 将串转换为长整数
用 法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
举例:
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#include stdlib.h
#include stdio.h
int main(void)
{
char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
long lnumber;
/* strtol converts string to long integer */
lnumber = strtol(string, endptr, 10);
printf("string = %s long = %ld/n", string, lnumber);
return 0;
}
函数名: strupr
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用 法: char *strupr(char *str);
举例:
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#include stdio.h
#include string.h
int main(void)
{
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
/* converts string to upper case characters */
ptr = strupr(string);
printf("%s/n", ptr);
return 0;
}
C语言字符串处理函数
strcpy(string
,string
)---把后1个复制后放入前一个字符串,空间要够
strcat(string
,string
)
---把后1个剪切后放入前一个字符串,空间要够
strcmp(string
,string
)---比较2个字符串,0为相同耐亏含,0前1个大昌笑,0后1个大
strlen(string
)---字符空埋串长度
文章名称:编写C语言字符串函数库 c语言中实现字符串输入的库函数是
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